Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd ) - 1746 Words

Over twenty veterans commit suicide every single day in the United States (Freking). Twenty lives taken off the face of this earth due to mental or physical hardships these veterans face each and every day. One of the largest contributors to this huge amount of unnecessary deaths is the silent killer that is post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD is a mental disorder that develops when someone experiences traumatic events or other moments in which their life is in jeopardy. The effects of PTSD can leave one feeling alone, anxious, hopeless, and turn them into a lesser version of themselves. Roughly fifteen percent of veterans return from deployments in which they experienced combat with PTSD, thus amassing to over 400,000 soldiers from the campaigns in Afghanistan and Iraq alone (How Common Is PTSD?). Even though PTSD effects so many veterans there is not a lot of public knowledge or support for the fight to combat it. Due to the devastating effects that post-traumatic stress di sorder has on our veteran population both the government and the public should provide the funding, support, and recognition that is needed to combat the disease. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is an illness that is extremely hard to treat. With a multitude of symptoms such as agitation, severe anxiety, guilt, and self-destructive behavior, each diagnosis is unique therefore treatment must be specialized. The most common way to diagnose someone with PTSD is through an in depth screening processShow MoreRelatedPost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )990 Words   |  4 PagesPost-Traumatic Stress Disorder Post-traumatic stress disorder is a common anxiety disorder characterized by chronic physical arousal, recurrent unwanted thoughts and images of the traumatic event, and avoidance of things that can call the traumatic event into mind (Schacter, Gilbert, Wegner, Nock, 2014). About 7 percent of Americans suffer from PTSD. Family members of victims can also develop PTSD and it can occur in people of any age. The diagnosis for PTSD requires one or more symptoms to beRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1471 Words   |  6 PagesRunning head: POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER 1 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Student’s Name Course Title School Name April 12, 2017  Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Post-traumatic stress disorder is a mental disorder that many people are facing every day, and it appears to become more prevalent. This disorder is mainly caused by going through or experiencing a traumatic event, and its risk of may be increased by issuesRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd ) Essay1401 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to the Mayo-Clinic Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, commonly known as PTSD is defined as â€Å"Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that s triggered by a terrifying event — either experiencing it or witnessing it. Symptoms may include flashbacks, nightmares and severe anxiety, as well as uncontrollable thoughts about the event† (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2014). Post Traumatic Stress disorder can prevent one from living a normal, healthy life. In 2014, Chris Kyle playedRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1198 Words   |  5 Pages Post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) is a mental illness that is triggered by witnessing or experiencing a traumatic event. â€Å"PTSD was first brought to public attention in relation to war veterans, but it can result from a variety of traumatic incidents, such as mugging, rape, torture, being kidnapped or held captive, child abuse, car accidents, train wrecks, plane crashes, bombings, or natural disasters such as floods or earthquakes(NIMH,2015).† PTSD is recognized as a psychobiological mentalRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1423 Words   |  6 Pages Mental diseases and disorders have been around since humans have been inhabiting earth. The field of science tasked with diagnosing and treating these disorders is something that is always evolving. One of the most prevalent disorders in our society but has only recently been acknowledged is Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Proper and professional diagnosis and definitions of PTSD was first introduced by the American Psychiatric Association(APA) in the third edition of the Diagnostic andRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd ) Essay1162 Words   |  5 PagesSocial Identity, Groups, and PTSD In 1980, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD,) was officially categorized as a mental disorder even though after three decades it is still seen as controversial. The controversy is mainly founded around the relationship between post-traumatic stress (PTS) and politics. The author believes that a group level analysis will assist in understanding the contradictory positions in the debate of whether or not PTSD is a true disorder. The literature regarding this topicRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd ) Essay1550 Words   |  7 PagesPost Traumatic Stress Disorder â€Å"PTSD is a disorder that develops in certain people who have experienced a shocking, traumatic, or dangerous event† (National Institute of Mental Health). Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) has always existed, PTSD was once considered a psychological condition of combat veterans who were â€Å"shocked† by and unable to face their experiences on the battlefield. Much of the general public and many mental health professionals doubted whether PTSD was a true disorder (NIMH)Read MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )944 Words   |  4 Pageswith Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD Stats). Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is a mental disorder common found in veterans who came back from war. We can express our appreciation to our veterans by creating more support programs, help them go back to what they enjoy the most, and let them know we view them as a human not a disgrace. According to the National Care of PTSD, a government created program, published an article and provides the basic definition and common symptoms of PTSD. Post-traumaticRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1780 Words   |  8 Pagesmental illnesses. One such illness is post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Post-traumatic stress disorder is a mental illness that affects a person’s sympathetic nervous system response. A more common name for this response is the fight or flight response. In a person not affected by post-traumatic stress disorder this response activates only in times of great stress or life threatening situations. â€Å"If the fight or flight is successful, the traumatic stress will usually be released or dissipatedRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1444 Words   |  6 PagesYim – Human Stress 2 December 2014 PTSD in War Veterans Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a condition that is fairly common with individuals that have experienced trauma, especially war veterans. One in five war veterans that have done service in the Iraq or Afghanistan war are diagnosed with PTSD. My group decided to focus on PTSD in war veterans because it is still a controversial part of stressful circumstances that needs further discussion. The lifetime prevalence of PTSD amongst war

Byzantium is short for the Byzantine Empire Free Essays

Byzantium is short for the Byzantine Empire. It can also be used to refer to the capital city of the Roman Empire, later renamed Constantinople after Emperor Constantine who rebuilt the city into a modern capital of Christianity at the time. Byzantine was heavily influenced by Greece and the Greek culture. We will write a custom essay sample on Byzantium is short for the Byzantine Empire or any similar topic only for you Order Now With that came the Greek mythical gods and icon culture representing ones religious beliefs. Constantinople also became the seat of the pope of the Catholic Church (â€Å"History of the Byzantine Empire†). Icons can be defined as representations of deities, saints or sacred scenes such as the crucifixion of Christ. In the Byzantine Empire these were very popular and were made from any medium including gemstones, wood, stone, marble, enamel, precious metal, and mosaic. Additionally, they ranged in size from small to huge and were even painted on walls as murals (Brookes). It was believed that these icons would bring success in battle and were often carried when troops were going to war. They were also believed to bring healing to the sick and good fortune. By being in contact with the icons, it was said that one was able to directly communicate with the deity or saint represented by the icon (Brookes). As the culture of creating icons grew, it began to clash with the teachings of Christianity which had taken root as a major religion in the Byzantine Empire. The first commandment in the 10 commandments given to Moses clearly stated that there should be no graven images made as this would make the people prone to the worship of idols. As such, iconoclasm took root. The term iconoclasm means ‘image breaker’ which referred to the habit of breaking images for political or religious reasons. In ancient times, if a ruler was conquered by another, any image of that ruler was quickly broken by their successor or conqueror, hence the term. In Byzantium, iconoclasm referred to a theological debate that spanned about a century between the state and the church (Brookes). As Christianity grew, the creation of icons was barred by the state and the cross was promoted as the only representation of the church. The main motivation for this was so the people would stop looking to the icons as the source of their healing, good fortune and success and start looking to Christ and by so doing discourage veneration of the icons. The issues surrounding the icons were that whereas one faction saw the icons as a representation of their faith and salvation, the other group saw them as mere idols. Their argument being that the only representation of Christ given to the church was the holy Eucharist, or Holy Communion (Trakakis). The iconoclast found a dilemma in the icons in that an image of Christ was supposed to capture the humanity of Christ without taking away the divinity. However, the Godhead could not very well be represented by an image of Christ. The Iconophile, saw it as not trying to capture the divinity or humanity of Christ but the person of Christ, which then tied the human and divine together. To the Iconophile, the fact that Christ had come in a human body made a depiction of him possible. Therefore whereas Iconoclasts were bent on depicting the spirit as superior to matter, the Iconophile so the created matter as a perfect means to see God in the created matter thus deifying the said matter. This became the crux of the controversy (Trakakis). Procopius’ book â€Å"Secret History† had been hidden for centuries until it was discovered in the Vatican library and printed in 1623 AD (Glenn). Procopius was a famous historian in the time that Justinian ruled Byzantium. Having written other texts on the Roman Empire in the 6th century, he wrote this secret book that gave the details of how Justinian and his wife Theodora a former courtesan plundered Rome and murdered millions of people. Justinian is said to have forced people into the Christian faith, while his actions remained decidedly contrary to its teachings. He and Theodora made people pay for Justice, belittled their needs and robbed Roman citizens of their property and money. Justinian would side with priests who stole and murdered and even took property from citizens to give to the church thinking that he would have favor with God for doing so (Altwater) This book is significant because it reveals a different side of the history of Byzantium in the time of Justinian, unlike the official annals of history written for the empire. In the Byzantine Empire, Pagan art was seen as leading people to false gods. It was mainly based on the polytheistic Greek gods and was figural. As such, it was shunned by the growing Christian population. Due to the iconoclasm controversy, much of the art of the Byzantine Empire did not reflect one figural scene to avoid the said controversy. Because of the persecution that followed Christians who supported icons, Byzantine religious art shrunk to focus mainly on the cross and symbolic birds and plants (â€Å"The Byzantine Empire†). The Byzantine Empire is an intriguing time with tales like no other. Ranging from the amphitheaters to the arena where offenders where crucified to death or torn to pieces by wild animals. The religious mix was no less intriguing and the rise of Christianity in the Byzantine Empire brought with it many controversies. Justinian became an enforcer of Christianity in the empire causing its spread, but at the same time going against the tenets of the faith according to the ‘Secret History’ by Procopius. Additionally, because of the first of the Ten Commandments, there arose a controversy as to whether icons were graven images, which were forbidden, or not. This in turn affected the way the people of Byzantium perceived pagan art, which was mainly based on pagan gods, goddesses and symbols. As such, Byzantine religious art was narrowed down to include the cross and other symbols that bespoke Christianity without compelling veneration. Works Cited Atwater, Richard. â€Å"Procopius of Caeasrea: The Secret History. † Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1961. 10 Mar. 2009 http://www. fordham. edu/halsall/basis/procop-anec. HTML Brooks, Sarah. â€Å"Icons and Iconoclasm in Byzantium†. In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000. 10 Mar. 2009 http://www. metmuseum. org/toah/hd/icon/hd_icon. htm Glenn, Joshua. â€Å"A Brief History of Secret Histories. † 2008. 10 Mar. 2009 http://www. boston. com/bostonglobe/ideas/brainiac/2008/03/secret_history. html â€Å"History of the Byzantine Empire. † 24 Feb. 2009. 10 Mar. 2009 http://www. historyworld. net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistories. asp? historyid=ac59 â€Å"The Byzantine Empire: The Roman-Byzantine Period. † 10 Mar. 2009 http://www. crystalinks. com/byzantine. html Trakakis, Nick. â€Å"What was the Iconoclast Controversy About? † Theandros. 2 vols. 2004-2005. 10 Mar. 2009 http://www. theandros. com/iconoclast. html How to cite Byzantium is short for the Byzantine Empire, Papers

New Media Entail Different Forms Of Media †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The New Media Entail Different Forms Of Media? Answer: Introducation New Media entail different forms of media that are contrasted with old media forms like radio, television and print media. The difference between these media forms and the old one is based on their interactive process and digital generation that allows users to access different types of information at the same time.[1] New media allows an interactive feedback that makes the user a participant at the same time. Twenty concepts have been advanced to assist in understanding contemporary media and communication.[2] This essay discusses three concepts of new media; mobile media, hacking and the Mobile Media Mobile phones are the most distributed ICT devices that are easily accessible everywhere. The international Telecommunications Union estimated 5.981 billion mobile phones by 2011, a number which must have almost doubled today. Today, mobile media is the leading communication tool since 80% of the worlds population has a mobile phone.[3] The use of these devices has evolved from voice carriage and text messaging to becoming a full media allowing users to access music, videos, games, photographs and internet from one single device.[4] This new features plus the rise of tablet devices have made mobile phones the most powerful media ever. Today mobile media has become part of daily life where users enjoy the cloud based technology advantages that are attached to them allowing users to either download ort stream content.[5] This has changed the world of communication technology since people can access and use media devices anywhere around the world. This technology seems to be evolving every day with the rise of applications which are being created to paly different features on the new form of media.[6] With this, mobile media has become part of daily life since they are being used to carry out every activity of peoples lives. In their near future, the media will be designed to read and control human functions apart from using it as communication tool. Hacking Hacking entail all activities that revolve around programming and design of software for different purposes. Hacking offers both positive and negative implications, where positive implications entail hackers working together to improve each others content for better features in their programs[7]. On the other hand, negative hacking effects on privacy, surveillance and computer security. Instances of leaking of sensitive information like WikiLeaks is a breach of national and private security.[8] This presents both benefits and threats to security and privacy to information. Hacking threatens to expose of any new technology and at the same time seek to increase high levels of transparency in different environments. A hackers world entail creating new technologies and algorithms that can keep information more secure or uncover secrets that may have been hidden from the general public. The rise of social media sites enables hackers to easily interact and at the same time share content with their followers.[9] The creation of cyberspace has led to new forms of crime that are driven by the need to explore information technology and at the same time, threaten the very existence of new media forms and the role that they play in the society. The digital divide The digital divide entail the gap that is crested in the population through different levels of access to ICT technologies. This is based on a combination of socio-economic factors and physical geographical patterns that give some populations advantage over others regarding access.[10] The digital divide composes global divide which is the differences of access among nations while social divide entail gaps that exist within a nation regarding access to internet related content that leads to different access levels among populations. The need to achieve global connectivity has been driven by the urge to reduce global digital divisions. Infrastructural resources have been put in place and even international bodies like the UN setting millennium development goals that describe the nature of infrastructure that needs to be put in place by all countries.[11] Reducing digital divisions is one way of allowing the globe to enjoy benefits associated with new media and bringing the benefits closer.[12] New media has created a different space within the world that has changed the world into a global village. This is through allowing interactive and feedback sessions of real time data among users.[13] The web has changed everything that ever existed since access to content is just a click away. Today new media through tools like social media and the internet are used in almost every activity to reach out to a wider base of people. This has been seen in political campaigns, civil society activities, and social life and even in academic forums to keep track of activities that happen around us.[14] New media forms have not reached their peak but rather, they are evolving to something bigger than what we are experiencing today. References Chen, W., and B. Wellman. 2004. "The global digital divide within and between countries." Journal of IT Society 1 (7): 39-45, 2004. DeFleur, Everette, E Dennis, and L. Melvin. 2010. Understanding media in the digital age : connections for communication, society, and culture. New York: Allyn Bacon. Flew, Terry. 2014. New Media. 4th. Oxford Univeristy Press. Graham, M. 2011. "Time machines and virtual portals: The spatialities of the digital divide." Progress in Development Studies 11 (3): 211-227. Halpern, D., and J. Gibbs. 2013. "Social media as a catalyst for online deliberation? Exploring the affordances of Facebook and YouTube for political expression." Computers in Human Behavior 1159-1168. Madon, S., N. Reinhard, D. Roode, and G. Walsham. 2007. "Digital inclusion projects in developing countries: Processes of institutionalization." Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Social Implications of Computers in Developing Countries. Sao Paulo. Towner, T. L. 2013. "All Political Participation is Socially Networked? New Media and the 2012 Election." Social Science Computer Review 1-15. Wasserman, Herman. 2007. "Is a New Worldwide Web Possible? An Explorative Comparison of the Use of ICTs by Two South African Social Movements." African Studies Review 50 (1): 109-131. [1] DeFleur, Everette, E Dennis, and L. Melvin, Understanding media in the digital age : connections for communication, society, and culture. (New York: Allyn Bacon, 2010),.12 [2] Flew, Terry, New Media, (4th. Oxford Univeristy Press, 2014) 24. [3] Ibid, 28 [4] Graham, M. , "Time machines and virtual portals: The spatialities of the digital divide." Progress in Development Studies 11 (3): 211-227(2011), 215. [5] Ibid, 16. [6]Ibid, 29 [7] Ibid, 24 [8] Ibid, 220. [9] Halpern, D., and J. Gibbs., "Social media as a catalyst for online deliberation? Exploring the affordances of Facebook and YouTube for political expression." Computers in Human Behavior 1159-1166, (2013), 1161. [10] Ibid, 25 [11] Madon, S., N. Reinhard, D. Roode, and G. Walsham., "Digital inclusion projects in developing countries: Processes of institutionalization(2007), 17. [12] Chen, W., and B. Wellman, "The global digital divide within and between countries." Journal of IT Society 1 (7): 39-45(2004), 41. [13] Wasserman, Herman, "Is a New Worldwide Web Possible? An Explorative Comparison of the Use of ICTs by Two South African Social Movements." African Studies Review 50 (1): 109-131, (2007), 124. [14] Towner, T. L., "All Political Participation is Socially Networked? New Media and the 2012 Election." Social Science Computer Review 1-15, (2013), 5.

Research Proposal Social Work free essay sample

Document 1 of 1 Southern China talk fest a hot air blow-out Author: van der Kamp, Jake ProQuest document link Abstract (Abstract): Yes, they had plans, 30,000km of new superhighways fanning out from Guangzhou and 10,000km of new railway lines with trains speeding at 200km per hour to {hellip} well {hellip} ahem {hellip} but let us have no talk here of the mbarrassment Shanghai has suffered with Just a short hi-tech line to its airport. Not to worry. AsiaWorld-Expo is not being built to showcase Hong Kong products or designs. It will tout mainland wares in competition with several even bigger centres in the mainland. There is one Just across the border, big and empty and hungry for business. Clearly there was a call on AsiaWorld-Expo here to Justify its existence and it has heeded the call. In the first year of operation the centre will contribute a $2. 8 billion economic return, says the advertorial, again and again, in headlines, captions and testimonials. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal Social Work or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I think I have warned you before that economic return is pure magic. Take a number, any number, wave your wand, and you can have any other number you want, in this case 3. 67. Research, yes, diligent economic analysis, has proved to AsiaWorld- Expo that every dollar spent at its facility will, poof, create another $3. 67 spent elsewhere in Hong Kong. Links Linking Service Full text: ON PAGE 3 of this newspaper yesterday we discussed the hopes of 1 1 aspirants to a crowning achievement of commercial success and career satisfaction. No, I am not referring to the photograph at the top of the page of 11 Miss Hong Kong ontestants pictured in swimsuits at a waterfall in Kenya, although it was definitely more absorbing and probably more meaningful. I had in mind (when that mind could be distracted from the photo) a wodge of print underneath about a hot air blow-out from nine mainland provinces plus Hong Kong and Macau in what is termed the Pan- Pearl River Delta forum. It was the third day running in which we provided this evidence of why some trees should be left to grow in the forest rather than be turned into newsprint. Did you know that Guangdong party boss Zhang DeJiang would like to see his rovince turned into a key world manufacturing base, Hong Kong into an international business services centre and Macau into a gambling tourism hub? I understand that Mr Zhang also wants Marco Polo to visit China and hopes that Christopher Columbus will soon discover America. You probably saw some of the television coverage with one blue- suited lookalike after another taking turns at the podium to tell us to great applause that the sea is wet and the desert is dry or messages of equal revelation. Interspersed was so much self-praise that you would think this was Delia School of Canada. But yes, they had plans, 30,000km of new superhighways fanning out from Guangzhou and 10,000km of new railway lines with trains speeding at 200km per hour to {hellip} well {hellip} ahem {hellip} but let us have no talk here of the embarrassment Shanghai has suffered with Just a short hi-tech line to its airport. Stop me, however. Did not the word come down from Beijing recently that a halt must be called to big infrastructure projects in order to prevent the economy from overheating? I fully recognise that the further south you go in the mainland the less weight that Beijings edicts carry and I now that these big plans are still meant only to occupy time at talking shops. But surely a nod to central authority was required here. If we were to be so cavalier in Hong Kong about central government directives, they might call it subversion. Here is an idea for you, fellows. If you really want southern China to prosper, then implement all the promises Page 1 of 3 you made when entering the World Trade Organisation and do it as soon and as fully as possible. Stay off the podiums, spend no money but open your provincial economies and success will come your way. It is all you need to do and if you do not o it, then the story will continue to be what it has been so far Hong Kong and the Ten Dwarves. And as to that photo, fourth from the left for the crown and second from the right for Miss Photogenic. There you nave my picks and let us be gratetul that those 1 1 not in the picture stayed fully clothed. HOT AIR MERCHANTS are not only to be found across the border. On Tuesday we carried a full-page advertorial for AsiaWorld- Expo, the new airport exhibition centre that is scheduled to open in December next year. You know the story. This was something first mooted for construction by the private ector at a cost of less than $1 billion. The fgure has now risen to $2 billion and it is to be picked up by the public purse. No, pardon me, the private sector can put in another $2 billion if it wants. Uh-huh. The people who run the big exhibition centre on the Wan Chai waterfront are none too happy with all this. They worry that there is not enough business to go round and that we are cannibalising earlier investments in the exhibition trade. Not to worry. AsiaWorld-Expo is not being built to showcase Hong Kong products or spent elsewhere in Hong Kong. It may be true. Here I come to spoil the magic, owever. If we instead spent that dollar on something else, it would create this same multiplier effect and, if we spent it to better use, that multiplier would be higher than 3. 67. The advice that your mother gave you has not been improved by voodoonomics. Spend your money as wisely as you can if you want the greatest benefit to yourself. The appeal to voodoonomics should only confirm to you that the money is not well spent. Publication title: South China Morning Post Pages: 18 Number of pages: O Publication year: 2004 Publication date: Jun 4, 2004 year: 2004 Publisher: South China Morning Post Ltd.

The Inadequate Native American Judiciary System and The Environmental Effects of Poorly Operated Tribal Courts

The Inadequate Native American Judiciary System and The Environmental Effects of Poorly Operated Tribal Courts Free Online Research Papers The Inadequate Native American Judiciary System and The Environmental Effects of Poorly Operated Tribal Courts In the past thirty years, there has been a major continent-wide push for increased environmental protection. Most of this push is largely attributed to laws and measures passed in the government to correct these environmental problems, such as unclean air, acid rain, deforestation, pollution, and the greenhouse effect. The Native Americans are trying to combat these problems as much or more than anyone in this country. However, as these problems must be addressed through proper legislative channels, unfortunately, the inadequate funding allotted to Native American tribal courts, by deteriorating their effectiveness and efficiency, constitutes not only serious environmental damage, but it also sets a grave tone for increasing cultural abuse. Initially, of course, the Native Americans had sovereignty over their judicial system. This was proven by the Ex parte Crow Dog ruling, where an Indian man named Crow Dog killed an adversary named Spotted Tail at a tribal council meeting in 1881. Originally tried and sentenced to death for murder, Crow Dog was released by Ex parte, which stated that U.S. courts had no jurisdiction over Indian affairs on reservation land (Hagan 92). Outrage over Crow Dog lead to the passing of the Major Crimes Act of 1885, which gave Federal Courts jurisdiction over seven major crimes committed by Native Americans, which has today increased to fourteen crimes (Hagan 98). There is no local jurisdiction of any of the crimes granted by the act. Empirically, the act has been shown to punish crimes committed by Indians and pass legislation according to Anglo-American laws and values rather than traditional Indian customs. It would seem, however, if the bill or case was not defined by federal law, that it would fall back to the Indian court system, but the Major Crimes Act provides that if it is not so defined, it will fall into state jurisdiction. Here, it is seen that the act moderately denies Native Americans control over their own tribal judicial system (Polashuk 1204). Although Congress provides for federal jurisdiction over many of these tribal judicial cases, because of a backlog of crimes committed off the reservation by non-Indians or legislation dealing with non-Indian environmental issues – often reaching back several years – they are considered a low priority. Testimony at congressional hearings has even revealed that such federal jurisdiction of Native American judicial activity has been wholly inadequate (Meisner 181). Because American culture is ignorant of Indian cultural values and social norms, legislature and jurisdiction through federal channels are most often completely inappropriate. (Polashuk 1210). Congress has concluded that Indian tribes, proposed then as sovereign governments, must have a vital interest in decisions which have to do with their environment. The U.S. has a direct interest in promoting environmental legislation to further its cause- it is a critical link to the tribes’ existence (Polashuk 1221). There is always an inherent problem in considering any government for increased sovereignty who is part of a distinct group. Not only are the people of American Indian tribes of a different race than the rest of society, they have completely different lifestyles and places of residence than of the American norms. This often causes both racial tension and cultural clash- there are some areas of the West where this tension has risen to â€Å"extreme levels.† (Polashuk 1213). So, how to provide a Native American with a fair trial? How to pass a resolution on a reservation that will properly deal with the environmental problems there? The answer lies in the tribal courts, who possess the traditional knowledge to properly discipline their members and pass and judge environmental bills. The primary reason that the tribal court system is not currently used is that it cannot fully carry out its services. This, however, is a problem of lack of funding- not any inherent functional flaw within the system (Burch 977). Lack of funding is a problem for the Native American judiciary system- this absence of resources undermines the whole tribal government. Without proper funds, the tribal court systems cannot attain the competent personnel to properly staff a standard legal system. Tribal governments as a whole are similar to the American three-branch system. Without the judiciary system working, legislative and executive attempts to perform proper initiatives dealing with environmental protection always fall short because of this judicial defect (Vicenti 140). A large tide of American culture is sweeping across the Indian reservations, replacing traditional tribal customs with non-Indian values and methods. Along with environmental protection methods, Indian tribal culture itself is in a crisis. To fight this, almost every reservation now has educated Indian people who struggle to stop the invasion. These experts almost unanimously agree that among the primary steps in this cultural and environmental fight is restoring a traditional tribal justice system (Vicenti 135). It is not at all improbable that the worst abuse of indigenous peoples worldwide has taken place in the United States of America. The U.S. has, for more than a century, aggressively pursued policies of cultural assimilation and degradation. Additionally, the United States has just as long held a haughty cultural arrogance regarding Native Americans, which essentially denies the Indians the recognition to begin healing themselves. Something as serious as even moderately denying American Indians jurisdiction over their tribes most definitely results in cultural abuse (Barsh Interview). Cultural abuse in this form, by disallowing the proper function of the tribal judicial branches, considerably hampers further environmental protection. Not only do Indian cultures have the right to exist and prosper in the U.S., they also have a great amount of values and wisdom to share with the other peoples and cultures of the Earth (Suagee 696). Thus, American Indian tribal culture needs to be preserved. There is, of course, an inherent value of culture itself, but Native American wisdom is extremely important and valuable. In fact, each different tribe has its own reservoir of ancestral wisdom, springing from the knowledge and experience of generations upon generations of ancestors. Not only does this loss of Native American wisdom result from the loss of tribal judicial control, it constitutes the loss of knowledge of proper environmental care, evidenced by the condition of the environment when Columbus arrived in the New World. However, this priceless wisdom and knowledge can easily be lost- it is only by keeping the tribal traditions alive through the use of traditional tribal judicial courts will we and future generations be blessed with this wisdom (Suagee 708). In addition to giving jurisdiction to the tribal courts, the Federal Government must recognize them as legitimate judiciary units. The United States officially supports tribal sovereignty- the tribal court systems are, essentially, the backbone of that sovereignty. In order to further advance their official position, the U.S. Government must recognize the legitimacy of these tribal courts. Likewise, this recognition, which will allow further measures relating to the environment to be introduced and pursued, will lead to both an increased survival of the tribal culture and greater environmental improvement (Polashuk 1231). Only one major obstacle stands in the way of altering the American Indian judicial policy- the Major Crimes Act (Polashuk 1204). Although the benefits of increasing the sovereignty of the Indian judicial system- from an environmental standpoint- are clearly shown by the evidence, a majority of the non-Indian population- especially those living in areas near reservations- who do not understand the positive impacts and advantages of traditional Indian judicial action will most definitely oppose any alteration of federal policy towards tribal courts. The Major Crimes Act was created by people such as these and will be inherently difficult to repeal or amend, as it has been in place for over a century (Hagan 99). However, though any opposing legislation may be difficult to overcome, the benefits of this change are well worth the effort. First and foremost, the proposal will allow the legislative and executive branch to work more effectively and efficiently with the judicial branch to pass positive environmental resolutions. It also halts the cultural abuse given to American Indians by industrialized people and the U.S. Government, and allows the wisdom and knowledge of countless generations of Indian ancestors to be preserved. Furthermore, this beneficent treatment of our indigenous peoples will serve as a model for the treatment of indigenous peoples world-wide, preserving a incalculable amount of information for future generations on a global scale (Suagee 712). Barsh, Russel (professor of Native American Studies). Personal Interview. 3 March 1997. Burch, Jordan (Clerk for Edward Rafeedie, Central District of California, Los Angeles). Ohio Northern University Law Review, Vol 20. p. 977. 1994. Hagan. Indian Police and Judges, op. cit., p. 89-145. Meisner, Kevin (Case Western Reserve University). American Indian Law Review, Vol 2. p. 181-182. 17 December 1992. Polashuk, Stacie. Southern California Law Review. Vol 69. p. 1191-1232. 1996. Suagee, Dean. University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform. Vol 23. p. 671-715. Spring and Summer 1992. Vicenti, Carey (chief judge of Jicarilla Apache Tribe). Judicature. p.135-141. Nov-Dec, 1995. 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These Lazy Writing Mistakes Could Turn Off Your Readers

These Lazy Writing Mistakes Could Turn Off Your Readers Heres a terrifying tale: readers are lookingactively seeking, even!for a reason to stop reading. Author Christopher Moore described it as  writers buying time from the reader on credit. What he means is that they dont owe you. You owe them. So you get them for the first sentence. They go to the second. Then the next paragraph. Then the next. But give them any reason, and they would love to stop reading and get their time back. They are merely lending it to you. Goodreads created a fascinating infographic on  the most commonly abandoned books, and why people never finish them. Some of the books are quite good and that makes you realize the truth in the idea that readers are just looking for an excuse to go. Are you giving them one? Lazy Writing Techniques That Bomb Lazy writing happens when we are more aware of what we need instead of what our reader needs. We make assumptions based on whats easiest for us when we write. And lazy writing is a super fast way to get readers to abandon that content you created. Writing when you should have stopped long ago. Is your reader screaming for you to hurry up and get to the point? I would have written a shorter letter, but I did not have the time. Blaise Pascal Do you  write to hit word counts, to finish an assigned post on the editorial calendar? The road to blathering is paved with word counters. Brevity forces us to distill a message, and reduce it to its core. Word counts, post length ideology, meandering topics, shallow content, lack of researchall of these make it easier (and oddly, faster) to write lots of words. You can spend more time writing high above  the core of the topic and float on the  surface rather than drilling deep and extracting the point. Lots of words are the rafts that help us float at the surface. Lazy words  and phrases that  have no meaning. When a word or phrase has been used too much, it loses meaning.  You also have your own pet phrases that you use in place of more concise language. Do a basic internet search on overused phrases and you get a few results: A brief look at the first pages of results reveal more than half of them border on rants. This tells me that we cant all agree on which phrases are overused, but we can agree that overused phrases annoy us a heckuva lot. There are some words and phrases that, when I see them in a headline, cause me NOT to read the post. This is the danger of using the successful formulas of content marketers who have success: familiarity breeds contempt. When your headlines and copy sound like everything else out there, they are  easier to ignore.Its not just that these words make people want to write ranting blog posts about them. They can slow readers down.  Strunk Whites The Elements Of Style (a glorious book) attacks this problem with rule #17: Omit needless words. Needless words worth omitting are cliches, pet phrases, jargon, and  anything bordering on  pretentiousness. Why use leverage when you can just use use? William Zinsser, author of  On Writing Well (another glorious book!), was direct about cluttered language: Clutter is the disease of American writing. We are a society strangling in unnecessary words, circular constructions, pompous frills and meaningless jargon. Wm. Zinsser Stephen King shared a few of his most hated phrases in his book On Writing, and they include phrases like many believe and at the end of the day. Unbounce has a collection of marketing words that you should definitely leave off of your landing pages. A lot of them are hyphenated, oddly. Writer Jeff Goins joins the fray by saying that weak words weaken your writing. Hes right, but the problem is that weak words are usually the first words that come to mind. Were talking lazy writing here, so these are the words that dont take much effort to locate. Among Goins list of weak words? things often stuff every never Many of these words are words that have to do with quantitysuch as the word many that I just used. Yikes. Great research can help rid your writing of these words, because research gives you specific quantities and facts; you have to back up your claims. When you dont know and dont feel like looking, you turn to many and some. Lazy words create those blog posts that and youve read them yourself by the time youre at the end of the blog post, you have a general sense of not having learned anything specific. Lazy:  many people prefer the color blue Not Lazy: 57% of men prefer the color blue Too much hype, not enough information. Ever found yourself, after reading the copy on a website, still wondering what do they do? In an age of beautiful website designs, Ive noticed it more than ever. Lots of big fullscreen header images and videos and I cant, for the life of me, figure out what the company even does. Its easy to get carried away in hype and lazy, overused phrases at the expense of actuallytelling people what you are trying to say. Why does this happen? Shallow research. Sometimes we chase after keywords and our research doesnt go deep enough. What that means is that everyone is chasing the same keywords and pretty soon all of the content being created starts to sound the same. For the content itself, not finding research with numbers and facts sends us to use those weak words like many and never. Common inspiration. Sometimes we all read the same blogs, and dont have enough outside input, like books or blogs outside of the standard repertoire. That means we perpetuate the same ideasand even the same words to communicate themas everyone else. Its where buzzwords are born. A cool new idea is a cool new idea until the 5,000th use, at which point its an inspiration to rants. Hijacking testimonial words.  Blogger Sally Ormond suggests we often use over-hyped words in our copy that would be better left to testimonials. Ever catch yourself saying youre the best, that your product is an absolute breakthrough? While it may be true, that kind of writing is lazy,  and it rings insincere. Think of the classic writing adage: show, not tell. Testimonial words tell. They dont show. Instead of saying We make the best wrench ever you might write copy that shows how your wrench can be used for just about every project. You might provide statistics or easily digestible facts that prove it. Big bragging testimonial words only have meaning when they come from another customer or an outsider, not from you. Testimonial words only have meaning when they dont come from you.The same approach doesnt work every time. One of the things I learned during my flying lessons is that landing a plane is an art unto itself, and that the techniques I used to  get a great landing one time wouldnt necessarily work the next. Depending on the crosswind, runway surfaces, runway lengths, and other factors, the way I approached the landing had to change. The same goes for your writing. We like systems, because they help us write faster and we all want to be able to write faster. We turn to them time after time when we hit on a system that works. But the system shouldnt be used the exact same way every time. Sometimes youre writing about a subject that has a crosswind and you need to land it differently. (Well talk about this more in a bit.) Your writing system may have worked for years, but now its putting readers to sleep.So what is THE lazy writing technique that is turning your readers away? Thoughtlessness. You run on default, turn to your writing system every time, dont dig deep, but just pound away at the keyboard. You let your writing habits reign in both the words you choose, and how you assemble them. Youre the preacher who never veers from the three-point sermon, the one-page thesaurus, the blog-o-matic machine. It gets search engines to come. It fills out your site. It gives you something to share on social media. But readers dont read.

International marketing exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

International marketing exam - Essay Example How accessible is the segment? Can the business obtain real data to consider the potential of the segment? Is it measurable? Market segmentation is done to clearly identify the various categories of customers in terms of needs and behaviour to better satisfy their needs. When the sellers and firms create separate segments of customers, it makes sense and provides customers with better solutions. Different customers have different amounts of disposable income and thus different in how they view price. Through segmentation, firms raise their average prices and thus enhanced profits for the business and builds up sales. Customer circumstances change, for instance they may shift necessitating change in buying patterns (Gunderson, 2008). When the sellers market products appealing to customers at different stages will help the firm in retaining their customers who might otherwise be tempted to switch to different products. In marketing, firms need to deliver the right message to the relevant customer segment. If the target group is too broad, there is likelihood that the main customers will be missed and that the cost of communication will rise rendering the business unprofitable. Through segmentation, the target customers are reached at a lower cost. Firms always target to increase their market share in the industry in a bid to maximize profits. Careful market segmentation and targeting will enable the businesses to achieve competitive production and costs of marketing therefore increasing the market share. There are various types of segmentation criteria including geographic segmentation; psychographics segmentation; demographic segmentation; and behavioralistic segmentation (Weinstein, 2004). When a company Toyota Motor Company produces cars for example, it segments its market into high, low and medium income earners and produces cars that customers in each segment can afford. The company determines which vehicle features are loved by people

How Changes in Technology Can Affect Service Organizations and Their Essay

How Changes in Technology Can Affect Service Organizations and Their Customers - Essay Example In the modern era of technology it often turns out, that an organization that manages its computer data base the most efficient way is the leading one in high quality customer service. Technology introduces both major problems and major opportunities. In general, technology can be broadly defined as a kind of system of knowledge-based activities employed in the conversion of an input into a useful output. (D'Souza, 1995) The influence of technology on service positioning, service design, service delivery and quality, customer satisfaction can hardly be overestimated. The very essence of service provision type of business results in significant influence of high-tech environment on both quality of service provided and level of customer satisfaction. Services are produced and consumed simultaneously; therefore, customers often personally contact the provider of the service, thus opening an opportunity for an inter-personal relationship. (Lovelock, 2001) Going even further then this, service industry involves multiple service encounters over a period of time, thus require an ongoing relationship with the consumer (auto repair) or an ongoing membership (banking, insurance systems). (Lovelock, 2001) Excellence in service delivery is largely dependent on interpersonal relationships with customer either on a short-term or on a long-term basis, whereas in recent years many processes that used to be manual now are mechanized. This shifts the dependence of customer satisfaction and service quality on workforce quality to the dependence on quality of techn ology management. All five dimensions of service quality outlined in a journal article by Subhash C. Kundu and Jay A. Vora (2004): reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and tangibles are directly correlated with technology management.The quality improvement movement that has been so popular within the last few years is mainly driven by technological innovations. Over years technology began to outweigh all other factors that traditionally have been major constitutes of service quality. Eventually the result might be that a service company, that is able to adjust to technological innovations and successfully implement them in service provision, will be the leading in the industry. It is stated far and wide, that the corporate success in the 21st century will largely depend on a company's ability to leverage feedback and to establish an ongoing dialogue with the consumer as a consequence. Technology will provide a basis for enduring customer relations that will be based on t rust and commitment. (Rosello, 1997) Lovelock (2001) introduced the idea of the four quadrants of service types three of which emphasize the relationship with the individual when delivering a service: services directed at people's bodies, physical possessions, and intangible assets. The final quadrant, quadrant 3, represents services directed at people's minds (education, radio, television) and in this case most of the times relationship is often with the organization instead of a usual individualistic approach. Technological innovation by bringing in new channels of product delivery makes this idea questionable. (Prescott, 2003) It should be emphasized, that the categorizing offered by Lovelock is actually much more complex. In

Portrayed in film Essay Example for Free

Portrayed in film Essay The sociological issue, to be researched is, the representation of the physically challenged in the mass media, concentrating on popular films. Ive decided to use four main stereotypes, which are most common in the media. After reading into Media and Mental illness by The Glasgow Media Group, I became intrigued and started to reflect on the images portrayed. As I have a physical disability, I thought that I would have a better understanding of my research, and a good empathy for people who are being portrayed badly. After researching on the Internet, based on the research I developed my hypothesis: There will be no physically challenged people portrayed in normal roles, instead they will fit into one of the four stereotypes. Contexts and concepts The Broadcasting complaints Commission study showed that in television programmes 7% of persons were disabled. They showed that disabled people were mostly in broadcast films, drama and soap operas. Langmore (1987) Studied on the different forms of representations of disabled persons, and how the audience reacts to seeing a disabled person on the television as a pose to an able bodied person. The results show that people generally feel a lot more sympathetic, pitiful and patronizing towards disabled people. Sheridan in A physical challenge for the media: The effects of portrayals of wheel chair users. He says that whilst there are many images of wheelchair users, they are not always accurate or helpful to the disabled community. To portray a wheel chair user in a film is so that they can be used as a dramatic and provocative tool. He states that it is possible to categorise portrayals into four main stereotypes, the pitiful handicapped, the bitter cripple, the inspirational hero and the set dresser. These are the four stereotypes that I have decided look into. This introduces the concept of stereotypes. A stereotype is a one sided, exaggerated and usually prejudicial view of a group. One myth about physically challenged people is that people with disabilities have a poor standard of life, this is not the case. The stereotypes may have some factual basis, but in most cases are incongruent with reality. Sheridan raises the question that because these portrayals are prevalent, are they an accurate account of what goes on in real life situations. He answered, as there is much diversity as there is commonality in the wheelchair community. There is no consensus as to what is accurate. He offers no solution but says that there are advances in advertising, as people in wheelchairs are not seen as disabled but as consumers. He thinks advertisers will continue to add positively to the way society perceives wheelchair users, and that maybe one day we will change our perception from archaic stereotypes to more realistic portrayals. This brings me onto the concept of identity. To acquire a sense of self identity and an image of your self is through socialization. If some body is labelled a specific type of person, it can be said that a social identity has been added to your self. Your social identity will then be seen as a label to show what kind of person you are. Resulting from the label you have now been given, you might start to think you are that type of person.

adopted children :: essays research papers fc

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Not just the kids, but the adoptive parents also ask themselves questions: doubting their acceptance. A good question that comes to mind is whether or not; they can create a bound with the child. According to an adoption Corporation called â€Å"PACT†, no, they cannot bond with the adopted child. They feel, â€Å"Bounding is a one-way process that begins in the birth mother during pregnancy and continues through the first few days of life.† (1-2) It is instinctive so the bond can never be achieved, but hope lies in â€Å"attaching†. When you create an attachment between your child and you, it allows for the child to flourish. â€Å"Attachment is a two-way reciprocal process between parents and their children. (1-2) This process of attachment says a lot to a child. It is more than a friendship bond by allowing the child to put all of its trust within you. PACT wants us to know that, â€Å"It starts with a promise, a promise from parents to c hild that says, You count, and you can always rely on me.† (1-2) From this, a baby gains reliance, familiarity and the most important goal, which is that special attachment that should not be broken. It is also like a promise, which says a lot to the child. â€Å"From this promise will come the baby’s sense that the parents matter more than anyone else, leading to the baby’s reliance on them. (1-2)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Fear also steps in during this attachment stage, creating an obstacle of worries hard to get over. It is not just the question of whether you can attach t the baby but will the baby attach to you? The answer PACT gives us is to rely on your commitment to attach, regardless of time. Days, weeks, months or years may pass but what matters is you endurance. â€Å"If it takes time to feel that this child is your child, build on signs of progress. If it takes time for the baby to act as if you matter more than anyone else, enjoy interacting as connections grow.† (1-1) You will know if progress is occurring due to a number of signals that the child will withdraw. Smiles and developmental milestones are a clue that you are on the right track. (1-1)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Once a child who you feel attached to, doesn’t make the connection, it can make you as the parent feel left out. Adopted children also feel this way due to their other half who they feel is not connected to them.

Marketing Products Essay

Marketing Products Comfort Cakes by Rodney Rodney Smith MKT 500 – Marketing Management Professor Carrie Colbert May 2, 2013 Discuss the type of product the company will offer and identify its primary characteristics. My company Comfort Cakes by Rodney would specialize in making cakes for events such as birthdays, weddings, anniversaries and other special events. The main specialty that it would offer is the wide range of tastes and designs which may be unknown to the local consumers. My company should also adapt to the best quality standards so that maximum consumer satisfaction is guaranteed. Comfort Cakes by Rodney will experiment with new fusions of flavors along with the regular flavors that it has to offer to its consumers. An example would be a Raspberry/Lemon frosting or a Lemon/Lime cake. The marketing budget for the promotion and advertising of my company would be allotted mainly from its key investors, since it is predicted to face intense competition from many other rivals in the same line of business. My company must adapt to certain strategies in promotion which will give it an edge over the competition. This can be achieved by publishing consumer satisfaction cases and other pertinent factors which make the product of my company a much better choice for the new consumers. (Missing Citation) â€Å"In order to gain customers at the start of business, the firm must focus on the recent trends and fashions in the society and adapt to them† (Hills, 1994). It must also keep in mind that it should focus on a specific age group which can afford to buy more for itself, such as individuals between the age range of 25 and 35. The idea of experimenting with new flavors is good once you’ve established your core offering. If the core offering isn’t good, most likely they won’t be coming back. Discuss the service component of the product and how it will be used to enhance the product. â€Å"The service component is very essential in any business especially in its starting phases† (McCalley, 1996). For Comfort Cakes by Rodney, the cake makers can choose to adapt to better delivery services and buying online so that it will reach a vast amount of consumers. With online services, in addition to purchasing, it will also help update information on the customer, their likes and dislikes, and they will have an opportunity to place advanced bookings. Each customer could have the opportunity to pay by soft cash via the internet as well. â€Å"Throughout the business world it is more often seen that by properly utilizing the facilities of e-commerce the profitability of the business could be increased drastically† (Hardaker, 2001). Utilizing e-commerce for selection, transactions and advertising etc.  could make a big difference. Explain how the product could be expanded to a product line, and the depth and breadth of the line. During the start of the business, Comfort Cakes by Rodney will focus only on making cakes which are the finest quality. After it has positioned itself firmly in the market, only then will I focus on expansion. This expansion can come in various different forms such as: * Giving other choice items—drinks, sweets or ice cream * Non-food items such as cards for all occasions, banners, ribbons, balloons, etc. Partnership with different companies by selling their products, such as breads, spreads, etc. These would be considered separate product lines or expanding its breadth. All of these particulars will range differently in price. At Comfort Cakes by Rodney customers would have the advantage of â€Å"one stop shopping. † What about depth of the product lines? Determine how the core business may change in response to industry or market changes. â€Å"The core business of any firm should change as proportional to the market† (Kasper, 1999). This is a very important factor concerning today’s harsh economic times. Comfort Cakes by Rodney can organize its service development as well as marketing efforts by focusing on different customer segments. (This is standard marketing. ) This would entail a detailed study of which segment to invest in and which is deemed more profitable in the short and long run. â€Å"The firm should be flexible enough to adapt to new ideas and innovations regarding all of its operations such as marketing and promotional efforts† (Samli, 1993). An example in Comfort Cakes by Rodney case would be free samples to customers or an opportunity to win a cake. This would be a great source of marketing for a satisfied customer to go spread the word about the company. The company should also focus on new innovators alongside emerging markets for any future deals, since grim economic times are present, these innovators and emerging markets are known to help any firm greatly in its survival as well as for earning better profits. (Missing Citation) The idea of adapting to changing market conditions is a cornerstone of the marketing concept. By understanding what the customer market segment wants, you’ll be able to reposition yourself accordingly. You may want to consider, partnering with a restaurant to provide their deserts and other specialized treats for different events etc. References Samli, C. (1993). Counterturbulence Marketing. Connecticut: Quorum Books. Hills, G. (1994). Marketing and Entrepreneurship. Connecticut: Quorum Books. McCalley, R. (1996). Marketing Channel Management. Connecticut: Praeger Hardaker, G. (2001). Wired Marketing. New York. Wiley Kasper, H. (1999). Services Marketing Management. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

A Description of the Sumerian Society Essay

?Sumerian society migrated into the Middle East and settled in the Mesopotamian area around 4000 B. C. E. , resulting in the settlement of that civilization. Sumerians contributed the city-states concept, created an essential writing system, strengthened their connection to their religion, and also recorded the world’s oldest story. The addition to Sumer’s city-states idea had a booming affect in their political structure. They were more organized than most political systems in other civilizations. With this, the Sumerian society was able to regulate religion and enforce laws in a better manner. Their concept later became a tradition of regional rule, basically creating an early bureaucracy for other societies to adopt and learn from. After several centuries of Sumer’s settlement, writing, the most significant invention in millennia’s, was introduced into Sumerian society. Although it was very sudden, the addition to such a revolutionary idea made their culture even more prosperous. Things led to another, and soon enough, the Sumerian society had an entire alphabet that was referred to as cuneiform, in the palm of their hands. They began to record their history and culture, later resulting in the world’s oldest story, the Epic of Gilgamesh and much more from their culture. Sumer’s introduction to cuneiform bloomed into an economical boost throughout their entire society. Their invention helped to promote trade and manufacturing. They were able to communicate much more flawlessly, leading to trades as far as India. Not only did it support the trading system, but it did wonders in recording much of Sumerian history. Sumer’s settlement meant many prosperous things. Their ideas and inventions of cuneiform, city-states, ziggurats, job specialization, etc. , led to great achievements that other civilizations adopted and duplicated. A Description of the Sumerian Society Essay ?Sumerian society migrated into the Middle East and settled in the Mesopotamian area around 4000 B. C. E. , resulting in the settlement of that civilization. Sumerians contributed the city-states concept, created an essential writing system, strengthened their connection to their religion, and also recorded the world’s oldest story. The addition to Sumer’s city-states idea had a booming affect in their political structure. They were more organized than most political systems in other civilizations. With this, the Sumerian society was able to regulate religion and enforce laws in a better manner. Their concept later became a tradition of regional rule, basically creating an early bureaucracy for other societies to adopt and learn from. After several centuries of Sumer’s settlement, writing, the most significant invention in millennia’s, was introduced into Sumerian society. See more:Â  Perseverance essay Although it was very sudden, the addition to such a revolutionary idea made their culture even more prosperous. Things led to another, and soon enough, the Sumerian society had an entire alphabet that was referred to as cuneiform, in the palm of their hands. They began to record their history and culture, later resulting in the world’s oldest story, the Epic of Gilgamesh and much more from their culture. Sumer’s introduction to cuneiform bloomed into an economical boost throughout their entire society. Their invention helped to promote trade and manufacturing. They were able to communicate much more flawlessly, leading to trades as far as India. Not only did it support the trading system, but it did wonders in recording much of Sumerian history. Sumer’s settlement meant many prosperous things. Their ideas and inventions of cuneiform, city-states, ziggurats, job specialization, etc. , led to great achievements that other civilizations adopted and duplicated.

Teaching Writing to Beginning ESL Students

Teaching Writing to Beginning ESL Students Beginner-level writing classes are challenging to teach because of the students still-limited knowledge of the language. For a beginner-level student, you wouldnt start out with exercises such as, write a paragraph about your family or write three sentences describing your best friend. Before diving into short paragraphs, it is helpful to set up students with concrete tasks. Start With the Nuts and Bolts For many students- especially those who are native to languages that represent letters or words in alphabets vastly different from Englishs 26 letters- knowing that a sentence begins with a capital letter and ends with a period is not necessarily intuitive. Make sure to start off by teaching your student some basics: Begin each sentence with a capital letter.End each sentence with a period and a question with a question mark.Use capital letters  with proper names and  the pronoun I.Each sentence contains a subject, verb and, usually, a complement (such as a prepositional phrase or direct object).Basic sentence structure is: Subject verb complement. Focus on Parts of Speech To teach writing, students must know the basic parts of speech. Review nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. Ask students to categorize words in these four categories. Taking time to ensure students understand the role of each part of speech in a sentence will pay off. Suggestions to Help With Simple Sentences After students have an understanding of the groundwork, use simple sentence structures to help them begin writing. Sentences may be very repetitive in these exercises, but the use of compound and complex sentences are too advanced for students at this stage in the learning process. Only after students gain confidence through a number of simple exercises will they be able to move on to more complicated tasks, such as joining elements with a conjunction to make a compound subject or verb. Then they will graduate to using short compound sentences and adding short introductory phrases. Simple Exercise Examples Simple Exercise 1: Describing Yourself In this exercise, teach standard phrases on the board, such as: My name is ... I am from ... I live in ... I am married/single. I go to school/work at ... I (like to) play ... I like ... I speak ... Use only simple verbs such as live, go, work, play, speak, and like as well as set phrases with the verb to be. After students feel comfortable with these simple phrases, introduce writing about another person with you, he, she, or they.   Simple Exercise 2: Describing a Person After students have learned basic factual descriptions, move on to describing people. In this case, help students by writing out descriptive vocabulary in categories. For example: Physical Appearance tall/shortbeautiful/good-lookingwell-dressedold/young Physical Attributes eyeshair Personality funnyshyoutgoinghard-workingfriendlylazyrelaxed Then, write out verbs on the board. Ask the students to use words from the categories in conjunction with the verbs to teach students how to formulate simple descriptive sentences. Through this, teach students to use be with adjectives describing physical appearance and personality traits.  Teach them to use have with physical attributes (long hair, big eyes, etc.).  For example: I am ... (hardworking/outgoing/shy/etc.) I have ... (long hair/big eyes) Additional Exercise Ask students to write about one person, using the verbs and vocabulary presented in both exercises. As you check the students work, make sure that they are writing simple sentences and not stringing too many attributes together.  At this point, it is better if students do not use multiple adjectives in a sentence in a row because this requires a good understanding of  adjective order. In this case, simplicity prevents confusion. Simple Exercise 3: Describing an Object Continue working on writing skills by asking students to describe objects. Use the following categories to help students classify words to use in their writing: Shapes roundsquareoval Color redblueyellow Textures smoothsoftrough Materials woodmetalplastic Verbs is made from/offeelsishaslooks likeï » ¿looks Variation: Ask students to write a description of an object without naming the object. Other students should then guess what the object is. For example: This object is round and smooth. It is made of metal. It has many buttons. I use it to listen to music.

Why Introverts are Vital to the Health Care Team

Why Introverts are Vital to the Health Care Team If you’ve spent any time in the industry, you know that the typical state of any health care facility is controlled chaos: patients stream in and out in need of attention, while doctors, nurses, assistants, and techs all work together to keep the machine running. If you thrive on solitude, can you make it in this profession? There has been a lot of talk lately about the role of introverts in society (people who feel more comfortable focusing inward on thoughts and feelings rather than outward on interactions with others). Popular opinion used to be that you were doomed if you weren’t commanding and outwardly confident.  But people are starting to realize that introspection is a very valuable professional skill–especially in medicine, when dealing with the important topic of patients’ health.Starting in undergraduate school, and then through professional studies, introverts learn to rely on themselves to weather the most challenging storms. Building up a quiet confidence comes in extremely handy when life-or-death challenges are thrown your way in the working world.You also have a skill set the more social of your peers struggle with: the ability to tap into the more emotional and sensitive side of patients.  In fact, if you identify as an introvert you likely will not only survive–you will thrive in patient relations, one of the toughest parts of the job.Embrace your ability to be quiet and thoughtful. Then, learn to work with extroverted colleagues to create a medical team that can handle all sides of patients’ needs.  Your introversion is not a liability, it’s a bonus!Can Introverts Survive in Medicine?

Comparing and Contrasting Pieces of Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Comparing and Contrasting Pieces of Art - Essay Example The paper "Comparing and Contrasting Pieces of Art" will compare artworks and explores different forms of art. Pablo Picasso’s Les Demoiselles d’Avignon (figs. 15) is a piece in continuation element of the art. Sayre presents the innovative steps of the artist through evaluation of multiple factors of the art, comprising different of Picasso’s initial sketches (figs 13 and 14) for the completed painting. The two paintings focus on the feminine themes with forms of traditions alongside how those in authority exploited them. The paintings clearly show these effects where there faces show sadness and sorrow from the experiences they have gone through. Their physical bodies although not well proportional to real human body, it indicate how they have suffered. The paintings are symbolic to women oppressions. However, on the other hand, figure 14, its color is somewhat clear showing that the paintings represent different periods and environments. The first case, women are oppressed directly but in the other case, there is indirect mishandling of women. The images are nonetheless confusing on what is present in the environment since the paintings have a blurred background. The nakedness of women in the painting shows that the most form of abuse is sexual abuse and mistreatment by the male counterparts. On the other hand, it may also show some of their promiscuous state in the society. Their dignity is longer an issue as long as they get or their sexual needs are satisfied. The earthworks equivalence and fixation.... Their dignity is longer an issue as long as they get or their sexual needs are satisfied. Sculptures The earthworks equivalence and fixation such as the Christo and Jean-Claude’s Gates and Smithson’s Spiral Jetty (fig. 395 and 396) are usually two huge temporal environmental sculptures created outdoors, which utilizes rocks, natural items, and earth, alongside manufactured objects. Comparing these two works, we can see that the Gates have some sharp colors (yellow) curtaining the several gates drawn on a linearly view. The author curved the gates and placed them equidistant to each other and in a straight line. On the other hand, the spiral Jetty is curved on the ground showing that it cannot be moved. How the sculptures were created, is pure artwork as they indicate some balance within the space given. In the two art works, there is some form of balance, implying that the author is well conversant with basic requirements, which enabled him produced such an exception al works. The colors are also almost the same, implying than they were written within the same time. Usually, colors indicate time, for instance, green show rainy season in most cases, but the ones on this sculptures are pale purple with background trees showing some evidence of drought. However, the first sculpture on gates was curved in snow-invested areas, while the spiral Jetty sculpture is in an open field. The two indicate some traditional practices, where for the first case, it may be a place of initiation where people were required to go through the gates while for the second case, it can be a path where people followed before eventually converging to take an oath (Sayre, 2010). Architecture There are a number of different

Assignment 1 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 26

1 - Assignment Example There has to be accurate harmonization between jobs as well as vertical smooth communication amongst job levels in order to obtain inter-functional coordination. The meaning of this is that the management of an organization must be used to gaps of employment such as shortages, surplus, or even deficiencies in between levels of jobs as well as job categories. (Zeiger, 2014) For this to be achieved there is the requirement for knowledge of, as well as control over the workforce elements as well as their individual connections. If decisions are to be made in the absence of such inter- connections linked between job levels as well as job categories, the outcome will be a labor force which is disgustingly out of balance in terms of moreover a qualitative sense or a quantitative sense. The decisions that are made for the adjustment of gaps of employment are dependent on, together the external sources of employment as well as the internal sources of employment. For instance, if decisions are poorly conceived, the outcome could be the impossibility of promoting from within caused by understaffing. Another reason for this could be absence of employee training at certain job levels or in certain job categories (Zeiger, 2014). The lack of ability to promote from the inside is a clear implication of additional expenditure for the firm caused by requirement of external recruitment as well as the lack of progression for the employees in the organization. Decisions on job categories and levels are critical to the conduct as well as results of the HRP since they are a way to achieve the goals o the organization. Their absence is likely to lead to a workforce that is imbalanced. In addition, they help cut costs of the organization through internal recruitment and create employee

Toyota Material Handling Australia Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Toyota Material Handling Australia - Case Study Example Objective assessment techniques significantly improve a company's ability to make correct decisions and manage the risks involved. A case study on Toyota Material Handling Australia (TMHA) is the organisation in focus that implemented the mentioned best practice in recruitment, development and promotion. The company has benefited much from objective assessment approach. It has reduced recruitment time, reduced selection cost, cut the hire cycle time, and recruited higher quality staff. The level of employee satisfaction has improved and the cultural differences has been resolved; the credit goes to the systematic and structured integration strategy that the company has planned and effectively implemented. Toyota Material Handling Australia (TMHA) is a major supplier of the widest range of forklifts and electric warehouse products in the region. The Toyota brand has gained market leadership since 1987. In 2005, TMHA was formed from the integration of BT Industries which was acquired in 2000. Today, the Australian operations represent approximately $300 million in turnover with over 690 staff across the country. The integration of BT Industries became a great challenge for the company. The merging of the sales team of both Toyota and BT developed into an obstacle for the organisation due to the difference in products and cultures of the two companies. BT industries sold battery-electric warehouse equipments while Toyota was in the business of engine powered trucks. The sales methodologies of both companies were different. BT was a new player to the market in Australia while Toyota has been a key player for over 40 years. The sales culture of Toyota has been tried and tested. It has withstood obstacles in order to consistently achieve market leadership. It is the core competence of Toyota which the management aimed at integrating in the new organisation. In order to address the issue on culture clash and improve the performance of the newly merged sales teams, TMHA employed the services of an external training and development provider, strategically branded as Objective Assessment Pty Ltd. The service provider performed diagnostic analysis on the capability and growth potential of the sales management. They then assisted in the development of the stability of the sale teams. TMHA together with Objective Assessment implemented sales recruitment and assessment strategies. As a result of the new sales recruitment and assessment process, TMHA has discovered great assets from within the company and come across new yet stronger sales recruits and talents. Consequently, the new process benefited the company through saving time in selection and providing stability in their sale teams. Furthermore, TMHA has overcome their cultural dilemmas and improved the team's performance. Discussion The fundamental role of strategic human resource management is about matching human resources to the strategic and operational needs of the organisation and ensuring the full utilisation of these resources (Armstrong, 2006, p. 359). It is concerned with obtaining and keeping the number and quality of staff required as well as selecting and promoting people who fit the culture and the strategic requirements of the organisation. (Gunnigle & Moore, 1994, p. 65) Human resource strategy has come to play a vital role in enhancing an organisation's competitive advantage. Companies realise the importance of

Managing The Development Of Small Business Ventures

Managing The Development Of Small Business Ventures Nowadays, businesses are growing day by day. But inflation is becoming challenges in front of small and large types of businesses like there are many countries which are facing this problem. There are lots of countries which are increasing the price of their products day by day because of inflation. Inflation: There are negative and positive effects of inflation on small and large type of businesses. Some of businesses want to earn more money that is why they grow the prices of their products and it is also a part of inflation like in New Zealand the burger king (BK) raised the price of a double cheeseburger from $1 to $1.19 and they removed one slice of cheese from double cheeseburger on its dollar menu (they now call it the BK dollar double) due to the inflation dilemma that business ventures are dealing within the current economic environment. Sometimes some restaurant changes their prices on bases on national pay rate of labour like last year the pay rate of labour or minimum pay rate was $13.75. But now government has changed it from $13.75 to $14.25 and that is why BK’S costs are going up on the producer level because of higher commodity prices. Burger king (BK) cut the quantity and raise the price and they launched this burger with new name because they want to attract more a nd more customers and also want to earn more money by giving it new name like double cheeseburger to BK dollar burger. On the other hand, BK also have another reason to raise the price like in a healthy economy, BK would have simply raised the price of the burger. However with demand weak, BK is forced to cut its offering by giving its customers only 1 instead of 2 slices of cheese if they order from the dollar menu. Interest rate: An interest rate is the rate at which interest is paid by a borrower (debtor) for the use of money that they borrow from lender (creditor) like banks. Specifically, the interest rate is a percentage of principal paid a certain no. of times per period for example a company borrow a big/small amount of money/capital from bank to buy new assets for their businesses. There are some conditions are apply on loan like if any company borrow small amount of capital then they have to pay high interest rate on that money and there are less chances to expand the business as well. The chances of profit will goes down like Sak Strand bag Company. This company is a highly successful wholesaler of handbags since 1989. The company’s forte is fabricating high-quality handbags from distinctive, richly textured textiles. In 1999, after 10 very successful years in the handbags business, SS decided it was time to expand their products line. They expanded their products lines such as footwear, belts and jewellery. Mr. Falucci, CEO of this company played spin the wheel of growth and considered getting additional loan from the ANZID bank, the same bank who provided them the company its capital during its first year of operation. After getting loan they have to burden the interest rate of 10% of the amount loaned per month. Unemployment: Unemployment occurs when people are without work. There are positive and negative effects of unemployment like if people are unemployed then there are lot of negative effects. The profits will goes down because of unemployment in a business and the sales become less. Unemployment has negative effects on tax system like the tax will goes to high because of unemployment. On the other hand, due to unemployment there cheaper labour will be available and we can find more and more people who has good qualification or not for work. Maxx started the big business around of 85 restaurants in Sweden, compared to 40 jut five years earlier. From 2005 to 2010, max expanded extensively to the western parts of Sweden. Plans have been announced to expand to New Zealand in 2013/14. In their research of New Zealand employment market, the following information was gathered.in January 2011 OECD figured reported youth unemployment in New Zealand at 19.4% the highest since the early 1990s and above the OCED average. The youth unemployment rate reported in September 2010 by the household labour force survey (HLFZ) was 16.2%, two and half times higher than the rate for all people. Young men and women have been disproportionately affected by the recession. Indeed youth unemployment has increased significantly since 2008 and is two and a half times more than adult rate. After getting this report, the New Zealand government provided the job assistance to the unemployed people and also organised the many programs by which they could start their own businesses means the government provided the knowledge to the people about the small and large type of business and how they can start these businesses. Investment spending: Money spent on capital goods used in production of capital, goods or services. Investment spending may include purchase such as machinery, land, production input or infrastructure. Investment spending should not be confused with investment means we have to have whole knowledge about that thing where we are going to spend our investment or money. In this condition we have to spend our money on right place or on right time. If we spend money on right place but the time is not perfect to spend money on business like high labour cost, high interest rate, high transport cost and so on at that time. In these conditions our company will goes to in loss before staring a whole business. Like a 31-year-old Chinese started a restaurant in Auckland, a business born of true opportunity. In, 2004 the team cobbled together $100000 in investment money and additional $500000 for investment spending and started a new company, Salvador’s kiwi food and beverage Ltd. This allowed them to open a co ffee house in central Auckland. After several hard times, the business started. After few years from start-up the business has been wonderfully successful. They invested their money at right time or at right place that’s why they got success and they also did hard work as team. Business confidence: In this, any person can start his own new business with fully confident. It means he has whole information about his business what he wants to do. Sometimes people feel very uncomfortable to start a new business with confidence because of lack of knowledge and confidence. Experience about business is important factor for business confidence like Boos and Goud used their experience at right time on a magazine prototype with $50000 capital from family and friends. They called the magazine Pink, to suggest that women can be both powerful and feminine. An ad recession time for under way and working women magazine had gone out of business in 2001, after 25 year run. When they launched the Pink magazine, there were not too much magazines because of recession. It was positive point for their business. They also used their experience like they started the meeting with big companies for their marketing and promotions and so on like coco-cola and Home Depot. With 300000 coaxed from advertisers over a one- year period, the first 98- page issue was produced in mid-2005. They earn $5 million in income from ads, conference, and syndication, they claim margin of 16%. They earn this large amount of money because they used their previous experience, time and they were fully confident. Share market: The share market is always depending on fluctuations of market prices or rates. When the company needs more money, they produce their shares in market. Sometimes the prices goes to high sometimes it goes to down because of fluctuation but when the prices of shares goes to very low then people (who bought the shares) complaint to the CEO of company about this. We have an example of share market fluctuation like JRV Company and it is NZ’s fastest growing company, the company has sustained a remarkable growth rate through a superior product, a very effective sales system and intensive marketing. The business selling construction supplies like cement, ceramic, tiles metal and structural beam and etc. these are coming from different companies in Europe. This franchise is still in its early stages in terms of market penetration, so the potential to grow revenues is enormous. Since the business is imported based, they monitor the flow of the share market. 1.5) (a) Increase in business: business confidence increase will increase the investment which will help to increase in the business. (b) Increase in jobs: due to the increase in business Pink will need more people which will increase the jobs in market. 1.6) sudden changes either up or down on the share market can affect the value of the New Zealand dollar on the international money market. If dollar will falls, import cost move which means importers have to cut margins or increase prices. 1.7) 1.7.1) Credit availability: lack of capital history may affect applications for capital investment expansions however a strong presentation highlighting the company’s rapid growth and success to date should go some way to offsetting that negative factor. 1.7.2) gross domestic product: wing zones target make is the highly mobile student sectors that traditionally service on fast food and have little consideration for long term financial matters and are not likely to be affected by GDP. All people have to eat even hard time so GDP factors may not have a major affection on wing zone. 1.7.3) national income: decreasing business profit and wages and salaries may cause reduced consumer spending in non- essential market sectors but generally food supplies and sales will maintained. 1.7.4 Money supply: reserve bank restriction on May supply may restrict or slow down the availability of funds for business expansion. 1.7.5 International trade: McDonald and burger king but they have an international business. They have their franchise almost in all country. Fast internet connection will develop their business and social media network that is best way to develop the business. 1.7.6 International Market Fluctuation International market fluctuation effect the stock market. They also affect a small business. 1.7.7Currency Fluctuation Fluctuation risk on the foreign Exchange their price will low and high they most effect on the small business. 1.7.8Balance of Payment Balance of payments accounts are an accounting record of all monetary transactions between a country and the rest of the world. These transactions include payments for the countrys exports and imports of goods, services, financial capital, and financial transfers Task 2 2.1 Disposable Income: -Disposable income is total personal income minus personal current taxes. In national accounts definitions, personal income, minus personal current taxes equals disposable personal income. They started a small business it is very hard to save amount because they need a best employers to work and best product goes to market and they also need a promotion like advertisement on TV, Newspaper, Magazines, Etc. 2.2 Population Trends: In population Trend How many people drink beers and how many people drink a wine in their life. Youth Generation not drink a wine 18-24 aged represent only 6% of wine consumed. But there is different choice in the market to buy a wine and beers choice available. 2.3 Building Permits: Building permit is a permit required in most jurisdictions for new construction, or adding on to pre-existing structures, and in some cases for major renovations. Generally, the new construction must be inspected during construction and after completion to ensure compliance with national, regional, and local building codes. Failure to obtain a permit can result in significant fines and penalties, and even demolition of unauthorized construction if it cannot be made to meet code. 1.7.6 International Market Fluctuation International market fluctuation effect the stock market. They also affect a small business. 1.7.7Currency Fluctuation Fluctuation risk on the foreign Exchange their price will low and high they most effect on the small business. 1.7.8Balance of Payment Balance of payments accounts are an accounting record of all monetary transactions between a country and the rest of the world. These transactions include payments for the countrys exports and imports of goods, services, financial capital, and financial transfers Task 2 2.1 Disposable Income: -Disposable income is total personal income minus personal current taxes. In national accounts definitions, personal income, minus personal current taxes equals disposable personal income. They started a small business it is very hard to save amount because they need a best employers to work and best product goes to market and they also need a promotion like advertisement on TV, Newspaper, Magazines, Etc. 2.2 Population Trends: In population Trend How many people drink beers and how many people drink a wine in their life. Youth Generation not drink a wine 18-24 aged represent only 6% of wine consumed. But there is different choice in the market to buy a wine and beers choice available. 2.3 Building Permits: Building permit is a permit required in most jurisdictions for new construction, or adding on to pre-existing structures, and in some cases for major renovations. Generally, the new construction must be inspected during construction and after completion to ensure compliance with national, regional, and local building codes. Failure to obtain a permit can result in significant fines and penalties, and even demolition of unauthorized construction if it cannot be made to meet code. Task 5 5.1 Internal Evaluation: Can have the meeting with the staff to find out the reason of the problem, give them the instructions to follow and perform the work in the correct way. External Evaluation: Have to identify the reason of sales which are going down at that stage and need to look for on the market position, Can take a professional assistance to find the reason of the problem and can take advice from professional finance advisor to find out the reason. 5.2 Decision making technique helps alot to choose the option to solve problem because while doing decision many factors come to be naked and we will get many option to solve a particular and we can also select most suitable solution for the problem. 5.2.1 Breakeven: The break-even is the point at which cost or expenses and revenue are equal: there is no net loss or gain, and one has broken even. A profit or a loss has not been made, although opportunity costs have been paid, and capital has received the risk-adjusted, expected return. 5.2.2 Decision tree: A decision tree is a decision support tool that uses a tree-like graph or model of decisions and their possible consequences, including chance event outcomes, resource costs, and utility. It is one way to display an algorithm. 5.2.3 Payoffs approach: In this technique we use cash flow scenarios to model the future. We can use that data which is already available in the company. 5.2.4 Professional assistance: In this we ask help for a professional who is not a member of our business he is expert assistance. 5.2.5 Group decision making: Conduct a meeting with all member of organization. Solve the problem on this meeting. Every member names and priority issues and ranks it’s according to the work. 5.2.6 Cultural consensus methods: Cultural knowledge is shared and systematically distributed. A good decision is one which has taken into the different culture of all the member of the group. 5.3 5.3.1 Maori- owned and operated business Cultural consensus method: In this method we can share their knowledge. A good decision is one which has taken into the different culture of all the member of the group. Group decision making: They conduct a meeting with all member of organization. Solve the problem on this meeting. Every member names and priority issues and ranks it’s according to the work. 5.4.1 Owners who cannot get out of their own way. They may be stubborn, risk adverse, conflict adverse meaning they need to be liked by everyone (even employees and vendors who cant do their jobs). They may be perfectionist, greedy, self-righteous, paranoid, indignant, or insecure. You know the problems but continue to make the same mistakes over and over. 5.4.2 Out-of-control growth. A successful business is ruined by over-expansion. This would include moving into markets that are not as profitable, experiencing growing pains that damage the business, or borrowing too much money in an attempt to keep growth at a particular rate. 5.4.3 Operational inefficiencies. Paying too much rent, labour, and materials. Not having the tenacity or stomach to negotiate terms that are reflective of todays economy may leave a company uncompetitive. 5.4.4 Dysfunctional management. Lack of focus, vision, planning, standards and everything are that goes in good management. Throw fighting partners or unhappy relatives into the mix, and the business is a disaster. 5.4.5 A declining market. The annual industry revenues are steadily declining because of the saturation of the market, the decrease in the market size, or the due to the introduction of a service, product or a technology from huge companies with more buying power and advertising dollars.